Rutgers Introduction to Media Practice Exam

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• The TV show I Love Lucy aired during which years?
• What are major differences in writing for online audiences versus traditional print, focusing on structure and readability?
• Identify at least two common FOIA exemptions that protect sensitive information in government documents.
• What was the primary purpose of the Motion Picture Patents Company in the early film industry?
• Which device enabled projection of longer film strips without interruption, as developed in the 1890s?
• Evening news is typically described as which combination?
• Which statement best differentiates public-interest reporting from sensationalized content, with examples?
• What project management strategies support meeting media production deadlines under tight schedules?
• What are typical duration constraints for platform-specific media, and what should be considered?
• Which inventor is linked to the Motion Picture Patents Company (the Trust) and to devices such as the kinetoscope and vitascope?
• The invention of the Audion tube is credited to which inventor?
• Which device did Muybridge develop around 1880 to project sequential images publicly?
• What are basic steps to improve accessibility for videos and articles?
• Edwin Howard Armstrong is associated with which major development?
• Explain sound design and the concept of the “noise floor” in podcast production.
• Roscoe 'Fatty' Arbuckle is associated with which notable event in early Hollywood history?
• Hard news typically covers which topics?
• Which practice best supports building rapport during pre-interview research?
• What does PBS stand for?
• Which programming did KDKA include according to the material?
• When reporting on private individuals, what privacy-preserving practice is recommended?
• Ratings measure what?
• What percentage is associated with above-the-line costs according to the material?
• Under the Radio Act of 1927, radio operation was required to serve which standard?
• Explain how editorial editing can prevent misrepresentation through stringing, montage, or selective editing.
• Native advertising is defined as what?
• What did Eadweard Muybridge demonstrate through photography in 1878?
• Who led the FM radio revolution in the 1920s and 1930s?
• Which show is an example of sketch comedy?
• What did the MPPC introduce for films?
• Who built the first regeneration circuit?
• What is an effective open-ended prompt?
• In the patent dispute over celluloid film, which side did the courts rule in favor of?
• Which format is exemplified by ABC's 20/20 and 60 Minutes?
• Who was the first female anchor on a US network?
• Which statement best differentiates plagiarism from proper attribution?
• Which item is included in above-the-line production per the material?
• What is the primary purpose of establishing shots in video storytelling?
• The Today Show began airing in which year?
• Which 17th-century figure is associated with the magic lantern and is thought of as the first projector?
• Which steps enhance interview quality in pre-interview research?
• What characterizes sketch comedy?
• What is an affiliate station in broadcasting?
• In what year was The Great Train Robbery released?
• The parsimony principle in radio programming states what?
• Earliest radio advertisements appeared in which years?
• What are the risks of sourcing solely from official statements, and how can reporters diversify sources?
• What is the purpose of using open-ended questions in interviews?
• Which MGM executive is associated with the early role of a film production supervisor and with the era of the 'formulaic film'?
• Which actress was known as 'America's Sweetheart' and was a performer for the Famous Players Company?
• What did George Eastman develop in 1884?
• What is FOIA and what are typical steps to file a public-records request?
• Which component is essential in a crisis communication holding statement?
• What data visualization pitfalls can mislead readers, and how can you defend against them?
• Which genres are listed as cheap in the material?
• The 1903 film by Edwin S. Porter is notable for which cinematic feature?
• Which of the following describes evening news formats in terms of anchor counts?
• In addition to limiting prime-time hours, PTAR was intended to encourage more of what on local stations?
• Which director released The Birth of a Nation in 1915 and was known for rapid editing, close-ups, and being a first blockbuster?
• What is Morse code?
• What is prime time?
• How do journalists balance privacy rights with reporting on public figures or matters of public importance?
• Which organization was formed by William H. Hays to regulate the film industry in the 1920s?
• Which streaming services are cited as examples of internet distribution in convergence?
• When preparing data visualizations for a feature piece, what is a best practice?
• Which element belongs in a crisis communication rollout plan?
• In a fact-checking workflow involving images, what is a key step?
• Identify which element is typically at the top of the inverted pyramid in a news story.
• Quiz show scandals involved what with regards to the show?
• What characterizes an effective hard-news lede?
• What key invention did Philo Farnsworth patent?
• Which set of principles best represents core journalistic ethics?
• Which behavior aligns with SPJ ethics?
• What is a TV network?
• Nikola Tesla's wireless system demonstration year?
• How do platform algorithms influence editorial decisions on social media, and what strategies support responsible reach?
• KDKA originated in which city?
• When reusing third-party footage, which practice is recommended?
• What essential element is included in podcast production?
• In radio terminology, which statement is true about radio affiliates?
• What should B-roll planning include?
• Blind selling refers to which scenario?
• Which company is described as buying AT&T to help form NBC?
• Which Edwin S. Porter film released in 1903 is noted for narrative innovations and chase sequences?
• What did the Paramount Decision of 1948 require?
• In radio, what does rotation refer to?
• Which film rating categories emerged as a result of the Hays Code?
• The largest listening audiences of the day occur during which concept?
• Which statement best describes the rule of thirds in photography?
• Drive time in radio programming is defined as which periods?
• Drive time is characterized by which audience feature?
• The Communications Act of 1934 established which regulatory agency?
• What is the difference between copyright and fair use, and how should journalists apply it?
• Who introduced the concept of "option time" to steal NBC affiliates?
• The FM to AM non-duplication rule of 1979 increased the required separate programming to what percentage in markets as small as 20,000?
• Which elements must be proven to sustain a defamation claim?
• The phrase "everything you can touch" is associated with which production category?
• What are essential steps in a copy-editing workflow to ensure clarity, accuracy, and consistency?
• In which year did Hollywood's first major scandal involving Roscoe 'Fatty' Arbuckle occur?
• What did the Radio Act of 1927 establish?
• When licensing music, what attribution practice is recommended?
• The creation of NBC Red and NBC Blue involved which corporate action?
• What is the purpose of platform-specific assets and credits in cross-platform distribution?
• The golden age of American film is dated from which years?
• What is time shifting in television?
• The Telecommunications Act of 1996 is associated with which major change in media ownership?
• The Golden Age of Radio is typically dated to which period?
• Why was the Radio Act of 1912 enacted?
• Which items are described as part of below-the-line production?
• How should stories be tailored for cross-platform distribution while maintaining core accuracy and voice?
• The Motion Picture Production Code, created by the Hays Office, led to which of the following?
• Describe the concept of 'cut on action' and 'match on action' in video editing, with an example.
• What is first run syndication?
• The Public Broadcasting Act of 1967 established which organization to oversee non-commercial broadcasting in the U.S.?
• The phrase 'home of the whacks, crazies and nomadic radio signals' is a descriptor associated with which era?
• During the network era, which networks dominated?
• What best describes a radio network?
• Who is credited with inventing the first motion picture camera using roll film and producing the first motion picture in 1888?
• Convergence in media refers to which phenomenon?
• KDKA began broadcasting in which year?
• Vertical integration in media refers to controlling which three levels?
• Who invented the electric telegraph and Morse code?
• Which items should transcripts include to improve accessibility and usability?
• Radio lost RCA's support to television as television rose; which statement is true?
• What is a situation comedy (sitcom)?
• Which producer is credited with the studio system and creating the concept of the studio head?
• What best describes radio affiliates?
• What does broadcast syndication refer to?
• Who served as general manager of RCA and helped create NBC?
• Which set of practices best promotes critical media literacy when evaluating sources and claims?
• The Communications Act of 1934 regulated which of the following?
• Who was the first female TV correspondent in Vietnam?
• What did the Prime Time Access Rule (PTAR) of 1970 change about prime-time programming?
• What is a 'beat' in journalism, and how does beat coverage influence newsroom organization and sourcing?
• The Telecommunications Act of 1996 primarily changed what aspect of media law?
• Which is a key step in verifying user-generated content before publication?
• The term that denotes the percentage of households watching a show is called?
• Reginald Fessenden is credited with which accomplishment?
• What did Hannibal Goodwin contribute in 1889?
• A typical Sunday morning political talk show features which?
• What statement best describes an affiliate station?
• How should calls-to-action be treated in platform-specific digital videos?
• In option time for radio, the host pays another station for airtime in exchange for what right?
• What ethical considerations govern consent, representation, and harm in photojournalism?
• Which term best defines a centralized operation that provides programming to multiple television stations?
• Which sequence describes a fact-checking workflow for a feature piece with data, quotes, and images?
• The Financial Interest and Syndication Rules (FIN-SYN) aimed to do what?
• Which step is essential in a robust fact-checking workflow for a breaking news story?
• What is identified as the first broadcasting medium, capable of transmitting waves to a large audience?
• When a source's identity is protected, how should you refer to them?
• What is the role of lower-thirds in video production?
• O&O in radio refers to?
• Who is credited with creating NBC according to the provided material?
• What are best practices to mitigate defamation risk when reporting on allegations?
• When reporting on private individuals, under what public-interest framework is it justified, and how should private data be handled?
• Guglielmo Marconi based his work on which physicist's theory?
• What does MPPC stand for?
• Which outcome resulted from the Chain Broadcasting Decision of 1943?
• Lee De Forest is known for which achievement?
• The Corporation for Public Broadcasting oversees which public broadcasting entities?
• Which action is a key consideration when using music in media productions?
• William Paley is credited with establishing which network in 1927?
• What technology did the Lumiere brothers develop?
• Quiz show scandals led to which public action?
• NBC Red refers to which group in early broadcasting structure?
• Which executive worked for CBS (1970-1975), ABC (1975-1978), and NBC (1978-1981) and later started his own production company?
• A newsmagazine is best described as?
• The FM to AM non-duplication rule of 1964 required what for stations in the same major market?
• Why are transcripts important in media publishing, and what elements should a transcript include to be most effective?
• Which statement best describes how FM radio differs from AM radio?
• Who created the Famous Players Company in 1912 to secure exclusive contracts with actors?
• What are the core principles of the SPJ Ethics Code and how do they guide newsroom behavior?
• CNN is notable for being the first what in 1980?
• Which practice helps maintain consistent sound levels during podcast production?
• Regarding source attribution, when is it acceptable to use "on background" or similar non-identifying references?
• Why is accessibility essential in media production and what are basic steps to improve it for videos and articles?
• Which of the following is a common data visualization pitfall?
• The studio system is characterized by what core setup?
• Implied statements in headlines or lead sentences create defamation risk, and journalists mitigate it. Which mitigation approach best reduces this risk?
• Which statement best describes editorial independence and how publications maintain separation from advertising?
• Morning news programs are typically characterized by what features?
• In ethical data visualization, which practice best avoids misleading readers?
• In which decade did Christiaan Huygens conceptualize the magic lantern as an early projector?
• What is considered the first mass-produced visual medium?
• NBC Blue refers to which group in early broadcasting structure?
• Name common FOIA exemptions that protect law enforcement, privacy, and confidential business information.
• Which studio is associated with the film The Hunchback of Notre Dame and the era of early production supervision, as reflected in the source material?
• Persistence of vision is defined as what phenomenon?
• In collaborative reporting, who typically owns the final produced piece, and how are rights allocated?
• In what year was The Birth of a Nation released?
• Which organization formed the first radio network in the United States?
• What is reverse image search and how can it be used in verifying user-generated content?
• Which element should a compelling newsroom pitch include?
• Which organization oversees PBS and NPR according to the Public Broadcasting Act framework?
• KDKA is known for which key fact?
• In what year did Guglielmo Marconi achieve wireless point-to-point telegraphy?
• A single sponsor program refers to programs originally produced by what?
• The Communications Act of 1934 replaced which prior regulatory body?
• Which statement about color grading is true?
• Who was the first female vice president of NBC?
• Which describes the core structure of the Potter Box ethical framework?
• Payola refers to which practice in the music industry?
• Which statement accurately describes a beat in journalism?
• In AP style, which option correctly describes date formatting in body copy?
• The "third screen" is exemplified by which platforms, per the material?
• The third screen refers to which medium?
• Which statement about the Public Broadcasting Act of 1967 is accurate?
• In a breaking news fact-check workflow, which action most directly supports an auditable record of sourcing?
• When and how should sources be attributed in different formats (print, online, video)?
• What did Alexander Popov achieve in 1895?
• Which statement best captures copyright duration principles for news content and considerations when reusing third‑party footage?
• What is color grading and its effect?
• Whose wireless work was overshadowed by Marconi's achievements?
• Block booking is best described as what?
• Which statement about Morse code limitations is correct?
• The Camel Newsreel Theater is notable for which milestone?
• Which platforms illustrate convergence through internet-based distribution?
• Which of the following is true about convergence in media distribution?
• What describes off-network syndication?
• What is the primary purpose of the inverted pyramid in news writing?
• What best characterizes soft news?
• Which anchor is known for the sign-off 'and that's just the way it is' and led CBS Evening News from 1962 to 1981?